【面试英语】史上最全的中国文化相关英文词汇

传统节日词汇

拜年 pay a new year call 

爆竹 firecracker 

鞭炮 a string of small fire crackers 

大扫除 year-end household 

灯谜 lantern riddles 

庙会 temple fair 

年画 new year’ s picture 

挂年画 to hang out new year’s picture 

年夜饭 family reunion dinner on lunar new year 

守岁 to stay awake all night 

年糕 glutinous cake for new year 

大年初一 the first day of the first lunar month 

八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding 

对联 poetic couplets 

贴春联 to put up antithetical couplets 

糊窗花 to put up window paper-cuts 

压岁钱 money given to children as a lunar new year gift

民俗词汇

轿子sedans 

风车 pinwheel 

杂技 acrobatics 

魔术 magic 

皮影 shadow puppet 

糖人 sugar-molded 

四合院 courtyard homes 

踩高跷 stilt walk 

武术 martial arts 

人力车 rickshaw 

宫灯 palace lantern 

猜拳 finger-guessing game 

说书 monologue story-telling 

老字号 time-honored 

相声 cross talk

本命年 this animal year of sb.   

处世之道 philosophy of life   

姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)   

中国独特的传统饮食

(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)

馄饨 wonton   

锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)   

春卷Spring Roll(s)  

莲藕Lotus Root

花卷 steamed twisted rolls   

套餐 set meal   

盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away   

米豆腐 rice tofu     

米粉 rice noodles   

冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)   

火锅 Hot Pot   

八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding   

粉丝 glass noodles   

豆腐脑 jellied bean curd   

北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck    

小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand

中国古代独特事物

(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)

宣纸 rice paper   

衙门 yamen   

叩头 kowtow   

孔子Confucius   

牌楼 pailou；pai-loo   

武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)   

功夫 kungfu ；kung fu   

中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)   

中和 harmony (zhonghe)   

孝顺 to show filial obedience   

孝子 dutiful son   

家长 family head   

三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife   

五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity   

八股文 eight-legged essays   

多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness  

养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

特有的一些汉语词汇  

武术 martial arts 

气功 Qigong 

打擂台 to fight a challenge fight in an arena 

听评书 to listen to historical or traditional stories 

下象棋 to play Chinese chess 

练习书法 to make special studies of calligraphy 

画国画 to do traditional Chinese painting 

题诗 to inscribe a poem 

求对 to match an antithetical couplet

禅宗 Zen Buddhism   

禅 dhyana; dhgaya   

混沌 chaos   

道 Daosim, the way and its power   

四谛 Four Noble Truth   

八正道 Eightfold Path   

无常 anity   

五行说 Theory of Five Elements   

无我 anatman   

坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation  

空 sunyata   

虚无 nothingness   

还愿 redeem a wish (vows)

中国古代文学

红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansion/Chamber

水浒 Water Margin

西游记 Journey to the West

三国演义 Romance of the Three Kingdoms

聊斋志异 Strange Tales from a Scholar’s Studio

牛郎和织女The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl

《西厢记》The Western Chamber

《醒世恒言》Stories to Awaken Men

《喻世明言》Stories to Enlighten Men

《警世通言》Stories to Warn Men

《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World

《本草纲目》Outline of Herb Medicine

《史记》 Records of the Historian

《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror

中华民族的节日

(Chinese Festivial)

国庆节 National Day

中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival   

除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival

春节 Spring Festival   

元宵节 Lantern Festival   

儿童节 Children’s Day   

端午节 Dragon Boat Festival   

妇女节 Women’s Day   

泼水节 Water-Splashing Day   

教师节 Teachers’ Day   

五四青年节 Youth Day

中国的艺术

1. 画类 壁画 mural 国画 Chinese traditional painting  水墨画 ink and wash painting 绢画 silk painting 木刻画 wood engraving 版画 engraving 贝雕画 shell carving painting 年画 new year picture

2.陶器类 陶器 pottery ware 玉器 jade article 瓷器 china ware 青瓷 celadon 青铜器 bronze ware 景泰蓝 cloisonné enamel 漆器 lacquer ware 彩陶 painted pottery 唐三彩 trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty

3.雕刻类 冰雕 ice carving 玉雕 jade carving 石雕 stone carving 骨雕 bones carving 贝雕 shell carving 木雕 wood carving 根雕 tree root carving 瓷器雕 porcelain carving 象牙雕 ivory carving

4.塑像类 彩塑painted sculpture 画塑 dough figurine 泥人儿 clay figure

5.扇类 绢扇 silk fan 檀香扇 sandal wood fan 折扇 folding fan

6.宝石类 珍珠 pearl 玛瑙 agate 珊瑚 coral 翡翠 green jade 琥珀 amber 玉 jade

7.工艺类 刺绣 embroidery 双面秀 two-sided embroidery 挂毯 tapestry 蜡染 batik 藤条制品 wickerwork 真丝 pure silk 烟嘴 cigarette holder  鼻烟壶 snuff bottle 图章 seal盆景 potted landscape 屏风 screen

历史人文考古

history-related

春秋时期The Spring and Autumn Period

吐蕃王国Tubo Kingdom

王朝dynasty

旧石器时代Paleolithic times 

清朝帝王Qing emperors

文成公主Tang Princess Wencheng

春秋时代The Spring and Autumn Period

大思想家和教育家A great thinker and educator

慈禧太后Empress Dowager CiXi

祭祀offer sacrifices

君主monarch

皇妃Imperial concubine

丞相Prime minister

太监Court eunuch

古装Ancient costume

朝代dynasty 

历代various dynasty 

少数民族ethnic minority

蒙古族Mongolian 

藏族Tibetan 

维吾尔族Uygur 

纳西族Naxi minority

阿坝藏族自治州Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

古代器具Ancient utensils

考古学家archaeologist

发掘unearth

吉尼斯世界纪录The Guinness Book of World Records

公元 AD 

公元前 BC

诞生地Birthplace

历史文物historical relics

历史遗迹Historical site

青铜器Bronze ware

文人men of letters 

雅士refined scholars 

文物cultural relics 

西域western countries

中国古代四大发明

火药 gunpowder 

指南针 compass 

造纸术 paper-making techniques 

印刷术 paper-printing technique

旅游热点/景点英语词汇大全

秦始皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang

兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and horses/Terra-cotta Army

青铜战车战马bronze chariots and horses

与实物一样大小life-size 

临潼区Lintong District 

大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda

丝绸之路the Silk Road

敦煌 Dunhuang

敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes / Caves, Dunhuang

千佛洞Thousand-Buddha Cave

壁画murals / fresco

佛经Buddhist Sutra

塔里木盆地Tarim Basin 

土鲁番 Turpan

华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs

河西走廊 Hexi Corridor

昆山市 city of Kunshan

帕米尔山区Pamir Mountainous Region

三峡 Three Gorges

月牙泉 Crescent Spring

桂林 Guilin

阳朔 Yangshuo

板石街 （又名 “西洋街”）Slabstone Street, also known as “the Western Street”

象鼻山 Elephant Trunk Hill

独秀峰the peak of unique beauty

七星岩the seven star crag

叠彩山 Piled Silk Hill

骆驼山 Camel Hill

漓江游 cruise on the Li River

三山晓色 three Hill at Dawn

青峰倒影 Green Peaks Reflected on Water

月牙山 Crescent Hill

千佛岩Cliff of Thousand Buddhas滇池 Lake Dianchi黑龙潭 Black Dragon Pool珠江夜游 Pearl River Night Cruise岷江Minjiang river野生动物园 Safari Park中国民俗文化村 China Folk Culture Villages佛教四大名山Four famous Buddhist Mountains五台山 Wutai Mountain普陀山 Mount Putuo九华山 Jiuhua Mountain峨嵋山 Mount Emei五岳 China’s five great / sacred mountains武当山 Wudang Mountain嵩山 Songshan Mountain少林寺 Shaolin Temple泰山 Mount Tai岱庙 Dai Temple日光顶Riguan Peak - the Sun Watching Peak玉皇顶 Peak of the Heavenly Emperor黄山 Mount Huangshan; Yellow Mountain迎客松 Guest-Greeting Pine半山寺Mid-Hill Temple云谷寺 Cloudy Valley Temple光明顶Bright Summit天都峰 Heavenly Capital Peak莲花峰 Lotus Peak奇松strangely-shaped pines 怪石grotesque rock formations 云海seas of clouds 温泉hot springs 紫金山天文台 Purple Mountain Observatory南天门The Heavenly Southern Gate午门meridian gate天坛 the Temple of Heaven紫禁城the Forbidden City 故宫the Imperial Place故宫博物院 the Palace Museum护城河Moat回音壁echo wall居庸关Juyongguan pass长寿山the longevity hill九龙壁the nine dragon wall黄龙洞the yellow dragon cave大清真寺great mosque黄帝陵Huang Di Mausoleum十三陵Ming Tombs中山陵Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum成吉思汗陵 Mausoleum of Genghis Khan鲁迅故居Luxun’s former residence（重庆）渣滓洞 Cinder Cave（重庆）红岩村 Red Crag Village(延安) 宝塔山 Pagoda Hill东方威尼斯Oriental Venice苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 狮子林 Lion Grove Garden怡园 Joyous Garden留园lingering Garden网师园 Garden of the Master of Nets耦园 （谐音偶，佳偶之意） Garden of Couple’s Retreat西湖 West Lake苏堤 Su Causeway白堤 Bai Causeway断桥 Broken Bridge外西湖 Outer West Lake九寨沟jiuzhaigou布达拉宫Potala Palace日月潭 Lake Sun Moon名胜古迹places of scenic beauty and historical interests / scenic spots and historical sites 堡fort, fortress城堡castle长廊The Long Corridor殿hall拱顶vault鼓楼 drum-tower荷塘lotus pond湖石假山Lakeside rocks and rockeries祭坛 altar角楼watchtower九曲桥Bridge of Nine Turnings廊 corridor陵墓 emperor’s mausoleum/tomb楼 towermansion牌楼pailou, decorated archway桥bridges水榭 pavilion on the water塔 pagoda; tower台 terrace坛altar梯staircase亭阁 pavilion亭台楼阁pavilions, terraces, and towers; a general reference to the elaborate Chinese architecture溪streams行宫A temporary imperial palace钟楼bell-tower柱pillar, column, post碑刻, 碑文, 碑铭inscriptions on a tablet碑林the forest of steles, tablet forest碑座 pedestal of the tablet壁画 murals; fresco避暑山庄 mountain resort避暑胜地 summer resort 冬季旅游胜地Winter resort度假胜地 holiday resort佛教胜地 Buddhist resort滑雪胜地Ski resort 冰山iceberg火山 volcano青山green hill场所site, venue, locale, seat 出土unearth 道观Taoist temple道教名山Taoist mountain堤防embankment地下军团buried legion雕塑Sculptures 雕像 statue顶点Summit定情之物token of love洞穴/岩洞 cave; cavern仿古制品 antique replica复制品Replica高超工艺 superior workmanship孤柏Lone cypress古董antique, antiquity, curio古迹place of historical interest古建筑群 ancient architectural / building complex古墓 ancient tomb古松Age-old pine trees古玩店 antique/curio shop国家公园 national park海平面Sea level号称五岳之首 rank first of the five great mountains in china后裔Descendant回廊corridor甲骨文 inscription on bones and tortoiseshells 假山rockeries 建筑风格Architectural style 江南水乡 south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River景象Spectacle领略自然景观的魅力 appreciate the charms of natural landscape蜜月度假胜地 honeymoon resort名山 famous mountain / mountain resort名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 摩崖石刻Carved out of a cliff瀑布 waterfall, fall小瀑布 cascade飞瀑plunging waterfall曲阜Qufu 曲径winding path人文景观places of historic figures and cultural heritage 人造物品Artifact日出Sunrise日落Sunset溶洞water-eroded cave溶岩景色，喀斯特地貌Karst scenery 石舫 stone boat石灰池Calcified pond石灰岩洞limestone cave石窟 grotto石牌Stone steles石桥Stone bridge石笋stalagmite石像Portrait stone世界第八大奇迹eighth wonder of the world 世界七大奇迹seven wonders of the world 世界文化遗产保护地World Heritage Sites (WHS)世界之窗 Window of the World书法真迹 calligraphic relics水乡景色 riverside scenery私家园林Private garden四大奇观Four wonders 缩影Miniature天下第一洞The most spectacular cave unparalleled elsewhere in the world天下第一泉The finest spring under heaven武当功夫 Wudang martial arts险峰perilous peaks 香格里拉Shangri-la (earthly paradise or utopia -- generally secluded and peaceful)镶嵌inlay修复Renovate雪峰snow-topped peaks雪山Snow-capped mountain釉面砖Glazed tile御花园 imperial garden园林建筑Garden architecture原始森林virgin forest藻类algae植物园botanical garden 主题公园 theme park自然景观natural attraction; natural landscape / scenery 综合建筑building complex坐佛Sitting Buddha